GNU coreutils 8.32
March 2020
coreutils
The basic file, shell and text manipulation utilities of the GNU operating system
coreutils-common
coreutils common optional components
coreutils-doc
Documentation for the GNU Core Utilities
NAME
vdir - list directory contents
SYNOPSIS
vdir [\,OPTION\/]... [\,FILE\/]...
DESCRIPTION
List information about the FILEs (the current directory by default). Sort entries alphabetically if none of -cftuvSUX nor --sort is specified.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
-a, --all | do not ignore entries starting with . |
-A, --almost-all | |
do not list implied . and .. | |
--author | |
with -l, print the author of each file | |
-b, --escape | |
print C-style escapes for nongraphic characters | |
--block-size=\,SIZE\/ | |
with -l, scale sizes by SIZE when printing them; e.g., ’--block-size=M’; see SIZE format below | |
-B, --ignore-backups | |
do not list implied entries ending with ~ | |
-c | with -lt: sort by, and show, ctime (time of last modification of file status information); with -l: show ctime and sort by name; otherwise: sort by ctime, newest first |
-C | list entries by columns |
--color[=\,WHEN\/] | |
colorize the output; WHEN can be ’always’ (default if omitted), ’auto’, or ’never’; more info below | |
-d, --directory | |
list directories themselves, not their contents | |
-D, --dired | |
generate output designed for Emacs’ dired mode | |
-f | do not sort, enable -aU, disable -ls --color |
-F, --classify | |
append indicator (one of */=>@|) to entries | |
--file-type | |
likewise, except do not append ’*’ | |
--format=\,WORD\/ | |
across -x, commas -m, horizontal -x, long -l, single-column -1, verbose -l, vertical -C | |
--full-time | |
like -l --time-style=\,full-iso\/ | |
-g | like -l, but do not list owner |
--group-directories-first | |
group directories before files; | |
can be augmented with a --sort option, but any use of --sort=\,none\/ (-U) disables grouping | |
-G, --no-group | |
in a long listing, don’t print group names | |
-h, --human-readable | |
with -l and -s, print sizes like 1K 234M 2G etc. | |
--si | likewise, but use powers of 1000 not 1024 |
-H, --dereference-command-line | |
follow symbolic links listed on the command line | |
--dereference-command-line-symlink-to-dir | |
follow each command line symbolic link | |
that points to a directory | |
--hide=\,PATTERN\/ | |
do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN (overridden by -a or -A) | |
--hyperlink[=\,WHEN\/] | |
hyperlink file names; WHEN can be ’always’ (default if omitted), ’auto’, or ’never’ | |
--indicator-style=\,WORD\/ | |
append indicator with style WORD to entry names: none (default), slash (-p), file-type (--file-type), classify (-F) | |
-i, --inode | |
print the index number of each file | |
-I, --ignore=\,PATTERN\/ | |
do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN | |
-k, --kibibytes | |
default to 1024-byte blocks for disk usage; used only with -s and per directory totals | |
-l | use a long listing format |
-L, --dereference | |
when showing file information for a symbolic link, show information for the file the link references rather than for the link itself | |
-m | fill width with a comma separated list of entries |
-n, --numeric-uid-gid | |
like -l, but list numeric user and group IDs | |
-N, --literal | |
print entry names without quoting | |
-o | like -l, but do not list group information |
-p, --indicator-style=\,slash\/ | |
append / indicator to directories | |
-q, --hide-control-chars | |
print ? instead of nongraphic characters | |
--show-control-chars | |
show nongraphic characters as-is (the default, unless program is ’ls’ and output is a terminal) | |
-Q, --quote-name | |
enclose entry names in double quotes | |
--quoting-style=\,WORD\/ | |
use quoting style WORD for entry names: literal, locale, shell, shell-always, shell-escape, shell-escape-always, c, escape (overrides QUOTING_STYLE environment variable) | |
-r, --reverse | |
reverse order while sorting | |
-R, --recursive | |
list subdirectories recursively | |
-s, --size | print the allocated size of each file, in blocks |
-S | sort by file size, largest first |
--sort=\,WORD\/ | |
sort by WORD instead of name: none (-U), size (-S), time (-t), version (-v), extension (-X) | |
--time=\,WORD\/ | |
change the default of using modification times; access time (-u): atime, access, use; change time (-c): ctime, status; birth time: birth, creation; | |
with -l, WORD determines which time to show; with --sort=\,time\/, sort by WORD (newest first) | |
--time-style=\,TIME_STYLE\/ | |
time/date format with -l; see TIME_STYLE below | |
-t | sort by time, newest first; see --time |
-T, --tabsize=\,COLS\/ | |
assume tab stops at each COLS instead of 8 | |
-u | with -lt: sort by, and show, access time; with -l: show access time and sort by name; otherwise: sort by access time, newest first |
-U | do not sort; list entries in directory order |
-v | natural sort of (version) numbers within text |
-w, --width=\,COLS\/ | |
set output width to COLS. 0 means no limit | |
-x | list entries by lines instead of by columns |
-X | sort alphabetically by entry extension |
-Z, --context | |
print any security context of each file | |
-1 | list one file per line. Avoid ’\n’ with -q or -b |
--help | display this help and exit |
--version | |
output version information and exit |
The TIME_STYLE argument can be full-iso, long-iso, iso, locale, or +FORMAT. FORMAT is interpreted like in date(1). If FORMAT is FORMAT1<newline>FORMAT2, then FORMAT1 applies to non-recent files and FORMAT2 to recent files. TIME_STYLE prefixed with ’posix-’ takes effect only outside the POSIX locale. Also the TIME_STYLE environment variable sets the default style to use.
Using color to distinguish file types is disabled both by default and with --color=\,never\/. With --color=\,auto\/, ls emits color codes only when standard output is connected to a terminal. The LS_COLORS environment variable can change the settings. Use the dircolors command to set it.
Exit status:
0 | if OK, |
1 | if minor problems (e.g., cannot access subdirectory), |
2 | if serious trouble (e.g., cannot access command-line argument). |
AUTHOR
Written by Richard M. Stallman and David MacKenzie.
REPORTING BUGS
GNU coreutils online help: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
Report any translation bugs to <https://translationproject.org/team/>
Report any translation bugs to <https://translationproject.org/team/>
COPYRIGHT
Copyright © 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
SEE ALSO
Full documentation <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/vdir>
or available locally via: info \(aq(coreutils) vdir invocation\(aq
or available locally via: info \(aq(coreutils) vdir invocation\(aq